ZIMSEC O-Level Family and Religious Studies (4047)

Islam: notes

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Beliefs

Tawhid: the belief that Allah is one and has no partners. This is the heart of Islam.
Prophet Muhammad: Muslims believe he received the message of Allah through the angel Jibril, beginning in Makkah around the year 610. They regard him as the last prophet.
Qur'an: the holy book, which Muslims believe is the word of Allah. It is recited in Arabic. The Hadith record the sayings and actions of the Prophet.

Shahadah: the declaration of faith, that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger.
Salah: prayer five times a day facing Makkah, after washing (wudu).
Zakat: giving a fixed share of savings to the poor, which Muslims believe purifies wealth.
Sawm: fasting from dawn to sunset in the month of Ramadan, to build self-control and care for the hungry.
Hajj: pilgrimage to Makkah at least once in a lifetime for those who are able.

Mosque and Friday prayer: Muslims gather at the mosque, and the imam leads prayer.
Festivals: Eid al-Fitr ends Ramadan with prayer and giving; Eid al-Adha remembers Ibrahim's willingness to obey Allah.
Moral life: honesty, modest dress, no interest on loans, and respect for parents are widely taught.